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CBSE Class 12 physics question paper: blueprint and structure

A CBSE Class 12 physics paper carries 70 marks of theory examination and 30 marks of practical assessment. The theory paper mixes objective, short answer, long answer and case-study questions, and the balance between numerical problems and derivations is the decision that most affects how it performs.

We do not write the questions. TurtleDock holds no question bank: this gives you the paper’s structure and the marks arithmetic, and the items are set by the subject teacher against the syllabus actually taught.

Written by Checked by S. NandhiniLast reviewed

Physics at Class 12 differs from mathematics in one respect that matters for paper setting: the same syllabus content can be examined as a derivation, as a numerical problem, or as a conceptual question, and those three test genuinely different things. A paper that is 70 per cent numerical measures something narrower than the syllabus.

As with all board subjects, the current year’s sample paper and marking scheme published by CBSE are the authority. What follows is structure that has been stable, and the setting decisions that sit on top of it.

Theory
70 marks
Practical
30 marks — experiments, activities, project, viva
Duration
Three hours for theory
Setting decision
Numerical / derivation / conceptual balance
01

The three ways physics gets examined

This is the axis a blueprint does not capture and a good setter thinks about explicitly. Decide the split before writing anything.

ModeWhat it actually testsFailure if over-weighted
Numerical problemsFormula selection, unit handling, arithmetic under time pressureRewards drill; a student who has memorised formulae without understanding scores well
DerivationsWhether the chain of reasoning is held rather than the resultRewards memorisation of standard proofs; heavily coached students dominate
Conceptual and assertion-reasonUnderstanding independent of computationHard to mark consistently; ambiguous wording produces appeals
A defensible paper carries all three. The proportions are a professional judgement, and they should be recorded on the blueprint so the moderator can see them.
02

Practical marks are not a rounding error

Thirty of a hundred marks sit outside the written paper, assessed in your own laboratory. That is a large share, and it is the part most vulnerable to being recorded loosely.

  • The assessor is named on each component, because a practical mark with nobody behind it cannot be defended at moderation.
  • Experiments, activities, project and viva are separate components with their own weights — recording one combined figure loses the structure the board asked for.
  • Recorded when observed, not reconstructed at the end of term from a register.

SchoolDeck holds these as components against the enrolment rather than as one number, for exactly this reason.

03

Setting a pre-board that predicts

  1. Take the current unit weighting from the CBSE syllabus document, not from last year’s paper.
  2. Fix the section structure from the current sample paper.
  3. Decide the numerical / derivation / conceptual split deliberately and write it on the blueprint.
  4. Set the questions, then write the marking scheme against them — in that order.
  5. Have a second physics teacher moderate the blueprint before the questions are set, which is faster than moderating a finished paper.
FAQ

Questions people ask

Phrased the way they arrive, answered so each one stands on its own.

How many numericals should a Class 12 physics paper carry?

There is no prescribed figure, which is precisely why it should be a recorded decision rather than an accident. Look at the current sample paper for the board’s own balance and depart from it deliberately if you have a reason.

Can the generator produce derivation questions?

No. It produces the blueprint — sections, counts, marks, cognitive spread. A derivation question has to be checked against what the class was actually taught, and only the teacher who taught it can do that.

How are practical marks entered in SchoolDeck?

As separate components with the assessor’s name and date against each, rather than one figure per student. Moderation and any later query both need to reach the component, not the total.

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Checked by the Assessment desk on 8 September 2026. Corrections go in the page, dated, rather than quietly.

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